Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide reacts with Grignard reagents, followed by acidic work-up, to give carboxylic acids with one extra carbon.
- Formula
- CO2
- Functional group
- CO2
- Molar mass
- 44.009 g/mol
- Also known as
- CO2, dry carbon dioxide
Overview
One-carbon electrophile used in Grignard carboxylation.
Carbon dioxide reacts with Grignard reagents, followed by acidic work-up, to give carboxylic acids with one extra carbon.
Identifiers
- Formula
- CO2
- Functional group
- CO2
- Molar mass
- 44.009 g/mol
- Also known as
- CO2, dry carbon dioxide
Chemical identifiers
- SMILES
- O=C=O
- InChI
- InChI=1S/CO2/c2-1-3
- PubChem CID
- 280
Properties
- Melting Point
- -56.558 °C (triple point)
- Sublimation
- -78.464 °C (sublimes)
- Density
- density: (gas at 0 °C) 1.976 g/L at 760 mm Hg
- Water solubility
- In water, 2.9X10+3 mg/L at 25 °C
Connected reactions
- Grignard carboxylation co reactant: Carbon dioxide → Carboxylic acids
Carbon dioxide plus a Grignard reagent gives a carboxylic acid after acidic work-up.
- Complete combustion: Alkanes → Carbon dioxide
Alkanes burn completely in excess oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
- Complete combustion: Alcohols → Carbon dioxide
Alcohols burn completely in excess oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
- Combustion: Benzene → Carbon dioxide
Benzene combusts to carbon dioxide and water and tends to burn with a smoky flame.
References
- PubChem Compound Summary for Carbon DioxideNational Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem · 2026
Used for stable identifiers and basic compound metadata.
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Carbon dioxide — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/280#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 95th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2014-2015, p. 4-56
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Carbon dioxide — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/280#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 95th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2014-2015, p. 4-56
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Carbon dioxide — densityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/280#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 315
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Carbon dioxide — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/280#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Yalkowsky, S.H., He, Yan, Jain, P. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 2010, p. 18