D-Glucose

An aldohexose that exists mainly as cyclic forms in aqueous solution.

Formula
C6H12O6
Molar mass
180.16 g/mol
Also known as
(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol, D-Glucopyranose, glucose, Glucopyranose, Grape sugar, Blood sugar, D-Glc, Traubenzucker

Overview

An aldohexose that exists mainly as cyclic forms in aqueous solution.

Ring formation gives a hemiacetal and creates an anomeric centre. Alpha and beta glucose interconvert through the open-chain form in solution. A single cyclic drawing is therefore one structural representation within an equilibrium, not a claim that every molecule has that form.

Identifiers

Formula
C6H12O6
Molar mass
180.16 g/mol
Also known as
(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol, D-Glucopyranose, glucose, Glucopyranose, Grape sugar, Blood sugar, D-Glc, Traubenzucker
Chemical identifiers
SMILES
C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(O1)O)O)O)O)O
InChI
InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2-,3-,4+,5-,6?/m1/s1
PubChem CID
5793

Properties

Melting Point
146 °C
Relative density (water = 1)
Relative density (water = 1): 1.56
Water solubility
In water, 5.46X10+5 mg/L at 30 °C, 4.79X10+5 mg/L at 20 °C
Data availability

Not published: Boiling Point.

References

  1. PubChem Compound Summary: D-Glucose (CID 5793)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

    Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.

  2. OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Cyclic structures of monosaccharides: anomersJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023

    Supports the qualitative structural interpretation of the recorded molecular structure; no new physical measurement or verified preparative yield is claimed.

  3. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): D-Glucose — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5793#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Lewis, R.J. Sr.; Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary 15th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, NY 2007., p. 609

  4. ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs): D-Glucose — densityILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5793#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred.

  5. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): D-Glucose — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5793#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Yalkowsky, S.H., He, Yan, Jain, P. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 2010, p. 308