炔烃

含碳碳三键，可根据条件进行不同的还原与水合反应。

官能团
C≡C
Also known as
alkyne, acetylenes, terminal alkynes, internal alkynes

概览

Alkynes contain a carbon-carbon triple bond. Terminal and internal alkynes differ in substitution and reactivity. Two named examples compare cis-selective and trans-selective reduction of but-2-yne, showing why catalyst and reagent choice are part of the transformation.

Identifiers

官能团
C≡C
Also known as
alkyne, acetylenes, terminal alkynes, internal alkynes

性质

端炔或内炔
端炔：R-C≡CH；内炔：R-C≡C-R′。
端炔的酸性
足够强的碱可移去端炔氢，形成炔基负离子；内炔没有这种氢。

Related compounds

  • 乙炔

    Ethyne is a specific member of the alkynes family.

  • 丙炔

    Propyne is a specific member of the alkynes family.

  • 1-丁炔

    But-1-yne is a specific member of the alkynes family.

  • 2-丁炔

    But-2-yne is a specific member of the alkynes family.

  • 苯乙炔

    Phenylacetylene is a specific member of the alkynes family.

参考文献

  1. Organic Chemistry: Naming AlkynesJohn McMurry · OpenStax Organic Chemistry · 2023

    Supports functional-group chemistry used to curate the linked examples. Checked 2026-09-16; named examples are applications of textbook scope, without claimed experimental yields.

  2. Organic Chemistry: Alkyne Acidity: Formation of Acetylide AnionsJohn McMurry · OpenStax Organic Chemistry · 2023

    Supports functional-group chemistry used to curate the linked examples. Checked 2026-09-16; named examples are applications of textbook scope, without claimed experimental yields.

  3. PubChem Compound Summary: Ethyne (CID 6326)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

    Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.

  4. PubChem Compound Summary: Propyne (CID 6335)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

    Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.

  5. PubChem Compound Summary: But-1-yne (CID 7846)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

    Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.

  6. PubChem Compound Summary: But-2-yne (CID 10419)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

    Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.

  7. PubChem Compound Summary: Phenylacetylene (CID 10821)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

    Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.