二氧化碳

概览

One-carbon electrophile used in Grignard carboxylation.

Identifiers

化学式

CO2

官能团

CO2

摩尔质量

44.009 g/mol

Also known as

CO2, dry carbon dioxide

性质

熔点

-56.558 °C (triple point)

升华

-78.464 °C (sublimes)

密度

density: (gas at 0 °C) 1.976 g/L at 760 mm Hg

水中溶解度

In water, 2.9X10+3 mg/L at 25 °C

Connected reactions

• Grignard carboxylation co reactant: Carbon dioxide → Carboxylic acids

  二氧化碳与格氏试剂反应，经酸性后处理得到羧酸。

• Complete combustion: Alkanes → Carbon dioxide

  烷烃在过量氧气中完全燃烧，生成二氧化碳和水。

• Complete combustion: Alcohols → Carbon dioxide

  醇在过量氧气中完全燃烧，生成二氧化碳和水。

• Combustion: Benzene → Carbon dioxide

  苯燃烧生成二氧化碳和水，通常呈有烟火焰。

参考文献

1. PubChem Compound Summary for Carbon DioxideNational Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem · 2026

   Used for stable identifiers and basic compound metadata.

2. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Carbon dioxide — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

   Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/280#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 95th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2014-2015, p. 4-56

3. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Carbon dioxide — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

   Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/280#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 95th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2014-2015, p. 4-56

4. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Carbon dioxide — densityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

   Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/280#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 315

5. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Carbon dioxide — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

   Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/280#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Yalkowsky, S.H., He, Yan, Jain, P. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 2010, p. 18