N,N-二甲基甲酰胺

简称 DMF，是用作极性非质子溶剂的 N,N-二取代酰胺。

化学式
C3H7NO
官能团
N-取代酰胺
摩尔质量
73.09 g/mol
Also known as
N,N-dimethylformamide, Dimethyl formamide, N-Formyldimethylamine, Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-, Dimethylformamid, DMFA

概览

Both nitrogen substituents are methyl groups, leaving no N–H bond. Amide delocalisation distinguishes its nitrogen from that of a simple tertiary amine. Its solvent effect on nucleophilic substitution depends on the nucleophile and the complete reaction system.

Identifiers

化学式
C3H7NO
官能团
N-取代酰胺
摩尔质量
73.09 g/mol
Also known as
N,N-dimethylformamide, Dimethyl formamide, N-Formyldimethylamine, Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-, Dimethylformamid, DMFA
化学标识符
SMILES
CN(C)C=O
InChI
InChI=1S/C3H7NO/c1-4(2)3-5/h3H,1-2H3
PubChem CID
6228

性质

熔点
-60.3 °C
沸点
152.8 °C
相对密度（水 = 1）
Relative density (water = 1): 0.95
水中溶解度
Miscible with water and most common organic solvents

Related compounds

参考文献

  1. PubChem Compound Summary: Dimethylformamide (CID 6228)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

    Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.

  2. OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Chemistry of amidesJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023

    Supports the qualitative structural interpretation of the recorded molecular structure; no new physical measurement or verified preparative yield is claimed.

  3. OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Characteristics of the SN2 reactionJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023

    Supports the qualitative structural interpretation of the recorded molecular structure; no new physical measurement or verified preparative yield is claimed.

  4. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Dimethylformamide — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6228#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-210

  5. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Dimethylformamide — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6228#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-210

  6. ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs): Dimethylformamide — densityILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6228#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred.

  7. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Dimethylformamide — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6228#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 590