2,2-二甲基丙烷

高度对称的五碳烷烃，又称新戊烷。

化学式
C5H12
官能团
烷烃
摩尔质量
72.15 g/mol
Also known as
NEOPENTANE, Tetramethylmethane, Propane, 2,2-dimethyl-, tert-Pentane, 1,1,1-Trimethylethane, M863R1J0BP

概览

Four equivalent methyl groups surround a central carbon with no hydrogen. The compact branched structure has a lower boiling point than pentane. Symmetry and crystal packing also matter for melting, so the boiling trend should not be copied directly to melting points.

Identifiers

化学式
C5H12
官能团
烷烃
摩尔质量
72.15 g/mol
Also known as
NEOPENTANE, Tetramethylmethane, Propane, 2,2-dimethyl-, tert-Pentane, 1,1,1-Trimethylethane, M863R1J0BP
化学标识符
SMILES
CC(C)(C)C
InChI
InChI=1S/C5H12/c1-5(2,3)4/h1-4H3
PubChem CID
10041

性质

熔点
-16.37 °C
沸点
9.5 °C
密度
Density (at 20 °C): 0.61 g/cm³
水中溶解度
In water, 33.2 mg/L at 25 °C

Related compounds

参考文献

  1. PubChem Compound Summary: 2,2-Dimethylpropane (CID 10041)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

    Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.

  2. OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Properties of alkanesJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023

    Supports the qualitative structure and reactivity context; identity and numerical measurements retain their original references.

  3. OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Alkanes and alkane isomersJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023

    Supports the qualitative structure and reactivity context; identity and numerical measurements retain their original references.

  4. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): 2,2-Dimethylpropane — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/10041#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-408

  5. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): 2,2-Dimethylpropane — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/10041#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-408

  6. ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs): 2,2-Dimethylpropane — densityILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/10041#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred.

  7. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): 2,2-Dimethylpropane — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/10041#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Yalkowsky, S.H., He, Yan, Jain, P. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 2010, p. 177