苯甲醇
一种伯醇，其 CH2OH 基团与苯环相连。
- 化学式
- C7H8O
- 官能团
- 伯醇
- 摩尔质量
- 108.14 g/mol
- Also known as
- phenylmethanol, benzenemethanol, phenylcarbinol, Benzenecarbinol, Hydroxytoluene, Benzoyl alcohol
概览
The hydroxyl is on the side chain rather than directly on an aromatic carbon, so this is an alcohol rather than a phenol. Oxidation can give benzaldehyde and then benzoic acid, depending on oxidant and reaction conditions.
Identifiers
- 化学式
- C7H8O
- 官能团
- 伯醇
- 摩尔质量
- 108.14 g/mol
- Also known as
- phenylmethanol, benzenemethanol, phenylcarbinol, Benzenecarbinol, Hydroxytoluene, Benzoyl alcohol
化学标识符
- SMILES
- C1=CC=C(C=C1)CO
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C7H8O/c8-6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8H,6H2
- PubChem CID
- 244
性质
- 熔点
- -15.2 °C
- 沸点
- 205.3 °C
- 密度
- 1.0419 g/cu cm at 24 °C
- 水中溶解度
- In water, 42,900 mg/L at 25 °C
Related compounds
Connected reactions
- Complete oxidation: Benzyl alcohol → Benzoic acid
氧化先将苄位 CH2OH 转化为醛，再在碱性条件下转化为羧酸根。酸性后处理得到苯甲酸；芳环保留，侧链碳被进一步氧化。
- Carbonyl reduction: Benzaldehyde → Benzyl alcohol
氢负离子进攻醛基碳，C=O 的 π 电子移向氧。醇盐质子化后得到苯甲醇；此过程不形成新的碳碳键，也不还原芳环。
参考文献
- PubChem Compound Summary: Benzyl alcohol (CID 244)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem
Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.
- OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Oxidation of alcoholsJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023
Supports the qualitative structural interpretation of the recorded molecular structure; no new physical measurement or verified preparative yield is claimed.
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzyl alcohol — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/244#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 4-44
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzyl alcohol — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/244#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-44
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzyl alcohol — densityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/244#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-44
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzyl alcohol — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/244#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Yalkowsky, S.H., He, Yan, Jain, P. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 2010, p. 398