甲烷

最小的烷烃，含四个等价的碳氢键。

化学式
CH4
官能团
烷烃
摩尔质量
16.043 g/mol
Also known as
Marsh gas, Methyl hydride, Fire Damp, Biogas, R 50 (refrigerant), metano

概览

Its tetrahedral carbon has no carbon–carbon bond or functional group. Complete combustion gives carbon dioxide and water. Radical chlorination can replace successive hydrogens, so a reaction mixture need not contain only chloromethane.

Identifiers

化学式
CH4
官能团
烷烃
摩尔质量
16.043 g/mol
Also known as
Marsh gas, Methyl hydride, Fire Damp, Biogas, R 50 (refrigerant), metano
化学标识符
SMILES
C
InChI
InChI=1S/CH4/h1H4
PubChem CID
297

性质

熔点
-182.566 °C
沸点
-161.50 °C
水中溶解度
In water, 22 mg/L at 25 °C
数据收录情况

Not published: Density.

Related compounds

参考文献

  1. PubChem Compound Summary: Methane (CID 297)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

    Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.

  2. OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Alkanes and alkane isomersJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023

    Supports the qualitative structure and reactivity context; identity and numerical measurements retain their original references.

  3. OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Properties of alkanesJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023

    Supports the qualitative structure and reactivity context; identity and numerical measurements retain their original references.

  4. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Methane — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/297#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-344

  5. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Methane — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/297#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-344

  6. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Methane — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/297#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Yalkowsky, S.H., He, Yan, Jain, P. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 2010, p. 8