甲基酮
甲基酮与碱性碘溶液发生碘仿反应，生成黄色三碘甲烷及减少一个碳原子的羧酸盐。
- 官能团
- RCOCH3
- Also known as
- methylketones, methyl ketone, CH3CO compounds, alkan-2-ones
概览
Ketones containing the CH3CO- group.
Identifiers
- 官能团
- RCOCH3
- Also known as
- methylketones, methyl ketone, CH3CO compounds, alkan-2-ones
化学标识符
- SMILES
- CC(=O)C
Diagnostic tests
碘仿试验
- 试剂
- 碱性碘溶液
- 条件
- 先加入碘，再加入碱的水溶液，随后在水浴中温和加热。
- Positive observation
- 生成淡黄色三碘甲烷沉淀
- Negative observation
- 不生成淡黄色沉淀
- Interpretation
- 阳性结果支持存在甲基酮中的 CH3CO- 基团。
- 适用范围
- 甲基酮可生成特征性的三碘甲烷沉淀。
- 来源说明
- 并非甲基酮特有：乙醇、乙醛和含 CH3CH(OH)- 结构的仲醇也会呈阳性。
- 证据
- 教材核心内容
Related compounds
Connected reactions
- Iodoform reaction: Methyl ketones → Triiodomethane 个产物
碱性碘溶液将甲基酮转化为黄色三碘甲烷和减少一个碳原子的羧酸盐。
参考文献
- Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Level Chemistry Practical GuidePearson Education Limited · Pearson qualifications · 2018
Official Pearson practical guidance for organic qualitative tests, including bromine water, acidified dichromate, silver nitrate, carbonyl reagents and the iodoform reaction.
- PubChem Compound Summary: Propanone (CID 180)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem
Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.
- PubChem Compound Summary: Butan-2-one (CID 6569)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem
Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.
- PubChem Compound Summary: Pentan-2-one (CID 7895)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem
Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.
- PubChem Compound Summary: Acetophenone (CID 7410)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem
Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.
- PubChem Compound Summary: 4-Methylpentan-2-one (CID 7909)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem
Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.