苯胺
苯胺，可用于比较氮原子碱性的芳香胺。
- 化学式
- C6H7N
- 官能团
- 芳香胺
- 摩尔质量
- 93.13 g/mol
- Also known as
- Benzenamine, Phenylamine, Aminobenzene, Aminophen, Arylamine, Kyanol
概览
The nitrogen lone pair interacts with the aromatic ring, making it less available for protonation than in an alkylamine. Aniline still forms an anilinium salt with an appropriate acid. Compare conjugate-acid equilibria rather than assuming every NH2-containing molecule has the same basicity.
Identifiers
- 化学式
- C6H7N
- 官能团
- 芳香胺
- 摩尔质量
- 93.13 g/mol
- Also known as
- Benzenamine, Phenylamine, Aminobenzene, Aminophen, Arylamine, Kyanol
化学标识符
- SMILES
- C1=CC=C(C=C1)N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C6H7N/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,7H2
- PubChem CID
- 6115
性质
- 熔点
- -6.0 °C
- 沸点
- 184.1 °C
- 相对密度（水 = 1）
- Relative density (water = 1): 1.02
- 水中溶解度
- In water, 36,000 mg/L at 25 °C
Related compounds
Connected reactions
- Nitro reduction and basification: Nitrobenzene → Aniline
硝基苯的硝基经还原，再进行碱化处理，生成苯胺。
- N acetylation: Aniline → Acetanilide
苯胺的氮进攻酸酐羰基，排出乙酸根来源的离去基团。质子转移形成乙酰苯胺和乙酸；产物中的氮与 C=O 相连，成为酰胺氮。
参考文献
- PubChem Compound Summary: Aniline (CID 6115)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem
Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.
- OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Basicity of aminesJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023
Supports the qualitative structural interpretation of the recorded molecular structure; no new physical measurement or verified preparative yield is claimed.
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Aniline — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6115#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 95th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2014-2015, p. 3-28
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Aniline — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6115#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 95th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2014-2015, p. 3-28
- ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs): Aniline — densityILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6115#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred.
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Aniline — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6115#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Yalkowsky, S.H., He, Yan, Jain, P. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 2010, p. 259