二醇

概览

Compounds containing two alcohol groups on adjacent carbons.

Identifiers

官能团

C(OH)-C(OH)

Also known as

glycols, vicinal diols, dihydroxyalkanes

Related compounds

• 乙二醇

  含两个碳的二元醇，为 PET 合成提供醇羟基。

• 1,2-丙二醇

  1,2-丙二醇是一种有机化合物，分子式为 C3H8O2。

• L-酒石酸

  L-酒石酸是一种有机化合物，分子式为 C4H6O6。

Connected reactions

• Dihydroxylation: Alkenes → Diols

  冷的稀高锰酸盐溶液可将烯烃氧化为邻二醇，避免较强条件下的氧化断裂。

• Polyester formation co reactant: Diols → Polyesters

  二醇与二羧酸缩合，形成聚酯。

• Epoxide hydrolysis: Epoxides → Diols

  质子化使有张力的环更易受到水的进攻。背面进攻断开一个 C-O 键，质子转移后在相邻碳上形成羟基；当环几何结构允许区分时，两者呈反式加成关系。

参考文献

1. Polyesters: manufacture and usesChemical Industry Education Centre, University of York
2. PubChem Compound Summary: Propane-1,2-diol (CID 1030)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

   Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.

3. PubChem Compound Summary: L-Tartaric acid (CID 444305)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

   Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.