乙酸甲酯
乙酸甲酯，两个甲基所处的化学环境不同。
- 化学式
- C3H6O2
- 官能团
- 酯
- 摩尔质量
- 74.08 g/mol
- Also known as
- Devoton, Tereton, Methyl ethanoate, Acetic acid, methyl ester, Acetic acid methyl ester, Methylacetat
概览
One methyl group is bonded to the carbonyl carbon and the other through oxygen. Hydrolysis gives methanol and ethanoic acid or ethanoate. The two methyl groups are not chemically equivalent even though both contain three hydrogens.
Identifiers
- 化学式
- C3H6O2
- 官能团
- 酯
- 摩尔质量
- 74.08 g/mol
- Also known as
- Devoton, Tereton, Methyl ethanoate, Acetic acid, methyl ester, Acetic acid methyl ester, Methylacetat
化学标识符
- SMILES
- CC(=O)OC
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C3H6O2/c1-3(4)5-2/h1-2H3
- PubChem CID
- 6584
性质
- 熔点
- -98.2 °C
- 沸点
- 56.7 °C
- 密度
- 0.9342 g/cu cm at 20 °C
- 水中溶解度
- In water, 2.43X10+5 mg/L at 20 °C
Diagnostic tests
中性酯的酸性基团对照
- 试剂
- 碳酸氢钠水溶液
- 条件
- 在有意进行酯水解之前，于室温下作短时间对比。
- Positive observation
- 产生气泡可能提示存在游离酸。
- Negative observation
- 纯乙酸甲酯不会产生由酸引起的气泡。
- Interpretation
- 酯化后不再保留此试剂所检验的羧酸质子。
- 适用范围
- 预期乙酸甲酯呈阴性。
- 来源说明
- 阴性结果与样品酸性、水解条件一并分析。
- 证据
- established acid–base chemistry
Related compounds
Connected reactions
- Esterification: Methanol → Methyl acetate
甲醇进攻被酸活化的羰基；经质子转移和脱水，形成乙酸甲酯。连接甲基的酯氧来自醇。
- Acid hydrolysis: Methyl acetate → Ethanoic acid
水加成到质子化的酯羰基上。质子转移后，甲醇可在羰基重新形成时离去，同时生成酸和醇。
- Acid hydrolysis: Methyl acetate → Methanol
水加成到质子化的酯羰基上。质子转移后，甲醇可在羰基重新形成时离去，同时生成酸和醇。
参考文献
- PubChem Compound Summary: Methyl acetate (CID 6584)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem
Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.
- OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Chemistry of estersJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023
Supports the qualitative structural interpretation of the recorded molecular structure; no new physical measurement or verified preparative yield is claimed.
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Methyl acetate — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6584#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-354
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Methyl acetate — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6584#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-354
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Methyl acetate — densityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6584#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-354
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Methyl acetate — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6584#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Stephen H, Stephen T; Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds in Binary Systems. Stephen H et al, eds., New York, NY: The MacMillan Co, 1: 1-79, 1604-43 (1963)
- Compound confusion: acid and ester comparisonsRoyal Society of Chemistry · RSC Education
Source-supported qualitative reference observations.