苯
苯可在保留芳香环的同时发生亲电取代；空气不足时燃烧会产生有烟火焰。
- 化学式
- C6H6
- 官能团
- arene
- 摩尔质量
- 78.11 g/mol
- Also known as
- benzol, C6H6
概览
A delocalised aromatic ring and the parent arene.
Identifiers
- 化学式
- C6H6
- 官能团
- arene
- 摩尔质量
- 78.11 g/mol
- Also known as
- benzol, C6H6
化学标识符
- SMILES
- c1ccccc1
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C6H6/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H
- PubChem CID
- 241
性质
- 熔点
- 5.558 °C
- 沸点
- 80.08 °C
- 密度
- 0.8756 g/cu cm at 20 °C
- 水中溶解度
- In water, 1.79X10+3 mg/L at 25 °C
Connected reactions
- Combustion: Benzene → Carbon dioxide
苯燃烧生成二氧化碳和水，通常呈有烟火焰。
- Bromination: Benzene → Halogenoarenes
苯在卤素载体催化剂作用下发生溴化，形成溴苯。
- Nitration: Benzene → Nitroarenes
苯与浓硝酸、浓硫酸发生硝化，形成硝基苯。
- Friedel Crafts alkylation: Benzene → Alkylarenes
傅克烷基化在苯环上引入烷基。
- Friedel Crafts acylation: Benzene → Acylbenzenes
傅克酰基化在苯环上引入酰基。
- Ring hydrogenation: Benzene → Cyclohexane
苯通过芳香环氢化生成环己烷。
- Nitration: Benzene → Nitrobenzene
苯通过硝化生成硝基苯。
参考文献
- PubChem Compound Summary for BenzeneNational Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem · 2026
Used for stable identifiers and basic compound metadata.
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzene — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/241#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-34
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzene — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/241#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-34
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzene — densityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/241#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-34
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzene — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/241#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: May WE et al; J Chem Ref Data 28: 197-0200 (1983)