苯甲酸

一种芳香羧酸，可用于联系酸碱萃取与有机结构。

化学式
C7H6O2
官能团
羧酸
摩尔质量
122.12 g/mol
Also known as
Dracylic acid, benzenecarboxylic acid, Benzeneformic acid, Carboxybenzene, phenylformic acid, Benzenemethanoic acid

概览

A carboxyl group is bonded directly to a benzene ring. Converting the acid into a benzoate salt changes its charge and can change its distribution between aqueous and organic phases. Recovery by acidification depends on the resulting solubility and experimental conditions.

Identifiers

化学式
C7H6O2
官能团
羧酸
摩尔质量
122.12 g/mol
Also known as
Dracylic acid, benzenecarboxylic acid, Benzeneformic acid, Carboxybenzene, phenylformic acid, Benzenemethanoic acid
化学标识符
SMILES
C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)O
InChI
InChI=1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
PubChem CID
243

性质

熔点
122.35 °C
沸点
249.2 °C at 760 mm Hg
密度
1.2659 g/cu cm at 15 °C
水中溶解度
In water, 3.5X10+3 mg/L at 25 °C

Diagnostic tests

碳酸氢盐检验酸性基团

试剂
碳酸氢钠水溶液
条件
使少量样品与该水溶液试剂接触。
Positive observation
生成二氧化碳与苯甲酸根，同时出现气泡。
Negative observation
未水解的中性酯对照不产生气泡。
Interpretation
羧酸中的质子与碳酸氢根反应。
适用范围
预期苯甲酸呈阳性。
来源说明
水中溶解度低可能减慢相互接触。其他酸也可产生相同现象。
证据
established acid–base chemistry

Related compounds

Connected reactions

参考文献

  1. PubChem Compound Summary: Benzoic acid (CID 243)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem

    Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.

  2. OpenStax Organic Chemistry: Structure and properties of carboxylic acidsJohn McMurry · OpenStax · 2023

    Supports the qualitative structural interpretation of the recorded molecular structure; no new physical measurement or verified preparative yield is claimed.

  3. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzoic acid — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/243#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 3-38

  4. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzoic acid — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/243#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 3-38

  5. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzoic acid — densityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/243#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 3-38

  6. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Benzoic acid — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

    Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/243#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Yalkowsky, S.H., He, Yan, Jain, P. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 2010, p. 368

  7. Compound confusion: acid and ester comparisonsRoyal Society of Chemistry · RSC Education

    Source-supported qualitative reference observations.