丁酸
丁酸（C4H8O2）的分子结构、物理性质与来源记录。摩尔质量 88.11 g/mol。查看化学标识、相关反应和材料用途。
- 化学式
- C4H8O2
- 官能团
- 羧酸
- 摩尔质量
- 88.11 g/mol
- Also known as
- butyric acid, n-Butyric acid, n-Butanoic acid, propylformic acid, ethylacetic acid, 1-propanecarboxylic acid
Identifiers
- 化学式
- C4H8O2
- 官能团
- 羧酸
- 摩尔质量
- 88.11 g/mol
- Also known as
- butyric acid, n-Butyric acid, n-Butanoic acid, propylformic acid, ethylacetic acid, 1-propanecarboxylic acid
化学标识符
- SMILES
- CCCC(=O)O
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6)
- PubChem CID
- 264
性质
- 熔点
- -7.9 °C
- 沸点
- 163.5 °C
- 相对密度（水 = 1）
- Relative density (water = 1): 0.96
- 水中溶解度
- In water, 6.00X10+4 mg/L at 25 °C
Related compounds
Connected reactions
- Aldehyde oxidation: Butanal → Butanoic acid
水合的醛被氧化为羧基。原有的四个碳原子仍共同保留在丁酸中。
- Esterification: Butanoic acid → Ethyl butyrate
乙醇氧与羧酸羰基碳成键，随后发生质子转移和脱水。产物由丁酰基片段与乙氧基连接而成。
- Acid hydrolysis: Ethyl butyrate → Butanoic acid
水进攻与质子转移，使乙氧基片段以乙醇形式离去。另一部分重新形成羰基，生成丁酸。
参考文献
- PubChem Compound Summary: Butanoic acid (CID 264)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem
Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Butanoic acid — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/264#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. 13th Edition, Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 2001., p. 268
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Butanoic acid — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/264#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. 13th Edition, Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 2001., p. 268
- ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs): Butanoic acid — densityILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/264#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred.
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Butanoic acid — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/264#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Hemphill L, Swanson WS; Proc of the 18th Industrial Waste Conf, Eng Bull Purdue U, Lafayette, IN 18:204-17 (1964)