1-丁醇
1-丁醇（C4H10O）的分子结构、物理性质与来源记录。摩尔质量 74.12 g/mol。查看化学标识、相关反应和材料用途。
- 化学式
- C4H10O
- 官能团
- 伯醇
- 摩尔质量
- 74.12 g/mol
- Also known as
- 1-butanol, n-butanol, Butyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, Propylcarbinol, 1-hydroxybutane
Identifiers
- 化学式
- C4H10O
- 官能团
- 伯醇
- 摩尔质量
- 74.12 g/mol
- Also known as
- 1-butanol, n-butanol, Butyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, Propylcarbinol, 1-hydroxybutane
化学标识符
- SMILES
- CCCCO
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-2-3-4-5/h5H,2-4H2,1H3
- PubChem CID
- 263
性质
- 熔点
- -88.6 °C
- 沸点
- 117.6 °C
- 相对密度（水 = 1）
- Relative density (water = 1): 0.81
- 水中溶解度
- In water, 68 g/L at 25 °C
Related compounds
Connected reactions
- Controlled oxidation: Butan-1-ol → Butanal
氧化从 O-H 键及羟基所连的碳上移去氢，形成 C=O。及时分离生成的丁醛，可限制其进一步氧化。
- Carbonyl reduction: Butanal → Butan-1-ol
氢负离子加成到醛基碳上，羰基氧成为醇盐。质子化后重新得到 1-丁醇。
- Esterification: Butan-1-ol → Butyl acetate
醇氧进攻被活化的乙酸羰基。四碳链仍连接在氧上，二碳乙酰基片段提供羰基。
- Acid hydrolysis: Butyl acetate → Butan-1-ol
水加成及质子转移后，水解断开酰基与氧的连接。原有丁基仍与氧相连，以 1-丁醇形式离去。
参考文献
- PubChem Compound Summary: Butan-1-ol (CID 263)National Center for Biotechnology Information · PubChem
Identity, molecular formula, molecular weight and aliases retrieved via PUG REST on 2026-09-08.
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Butan-1-ol — melting pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/263#section=Melting-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-78
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Butan-1-ol — boiling pointHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/263#section=Boiling-Point. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-78
- ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs): Butan-1-ol — densityILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/263#section=Density. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred.
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Butan-1-ol — solubilityHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Retrieved through PubChem PUG View on 2026-09-08. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/263#section=Solubility. Source value, complete property clause or compact miscibility statement retained; absent pressure, temperature or phase conditions are not inferred. Original reference: Yalkowsky, S.H., He, Yan, Jain, P. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 2010, p. 128