脱水

乙醇 → 乙烯:查看反应物、产物、反应条件与来源依据,探索相关转化和合成路径。

试剂
氧化铝催化剂
条件
使乙醇蒸气通过加热的催化剂
反应类别
脱水
方程式
C2H6O -> C2H4 + H2O

概览

乙醇通过脱水生成乙烯。

转化

乙醇 → 乙烯

方程式
C2H6O -> C2H4 + H2O
反应物
乙醇
产物
Ethene + Water
试剂
氧化铝催化剂
反应环境
使乙醇蒸气通过加热的催化剂
反应类别
脱水
机理
脱水
Evidence level
source-backed molecular example

参考步骤

Ethanol dehydration over a heated catalyst

Ethanol vapour → ethene + water

物料与用量

  • Ethanol on mineral wool
  • Heated catalyst specified by the source
  • Dilute unsaturation-test reagent

仪器装置

  • Clamped heat-resistant reaction tube
  • Gas delivery tube
  • Water trough and collection tubes

实验步骤

  1. Follow the source’s catalyst-heating and ethanol-vapour sequence.
  2. Collect gas over water and test a separate sample for unsaturation.

后处理与分离

  1. Record gas evolution and loss of the test reagent’s colour separately.

关键控制条件

  • Remove the delivery tube from water before stopping heating to prevent suck-back into hot glass.
  • Air initially in the apparatus and possible entrained vapour limit purity claims.
  • A bromine-water test is not a demonstration that a pure dibromoalkane has been isolated.

底物范围

适用范围
以乙醇为底物的反应实例。
来源说明
这条催化路线与浓酸脱水不同,两者条件不能互换。

相关反应

参考文献

  1. Dehydration of alcoholsJim Clark · Chemguide · 2015

    Named molecular transformation examples, checked 2026-09-08.

  2. Dehydration of ethanol to form etheneRoyal Society of Chemistry and Nuffield Foundation · RSC Education

    Heated-catalyst dehydration, gas collection and unsaturation tests; emphasises suck-back prevention.